Statistical and Thermal Physics (Text Book 📚 Questions)
Course Code : PHYS201TH
Preface To The First Edition
A Text book of Statistical and Thermal Physics" has been written with a special focus on the new curriculum provided by the Himachal Pradesh University under new CBCS system. The book is strictly in accordance with the syllabus of Himachal Pradesh University and each and every topic has been elaborated to give the students a clear picture of the phenomena involved. It is our effort to provide a simple and straight forward picture of the ideas and theoretical concepts for the paper point of view as well as understanding point of view of the concepts involved.
CONTENTS
1. Basic Ideas of Statistical Physics
2. Distribution of Particles in Compartments
3. Types of Statistics in Physics
4. Bose Einstein and Fermi Dirca Statistics
5. Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy
6. Statistical Interpretation of Entropy
7. Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations
8. Applications of Thermodynamic Relations
SYLLABUS
Unit-I
Basic Ideas of Statistical Physics : Scope of statistical physics, basic ideas about probability, distribution of four distinguishable particles in two compartments of equal sizes. Concept of macro-states, micro-states, thermodynamic probability, effect of constraints on the system.
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Distribution of Particles in Compartments: Distribution of n particles in two compartments, Deviation from the state of maximum probability. Equilibrium state of a dynamic system, distribution of n distinguishable particles in k compartments of unequal sizes.
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Unit-II
Types of Statistics in Physics: Phase space and division into elementary cells. Three kinds of statistics. The basic approach in the three statistics. M-B. Statistics applied to an ideal gas in equilibrium, experimental verification of the Maxwell Boltzmann's law of distribution of molecular speeds. Need for quantum statistics, h as a natural constant and its implications, indistinguishability of particles and its implications. B-E statistics.
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Bose Einstein and Fermi Dirac Statistics: Derivation of Planck's law of radiation, deduction of Wien's distribution law and Stefan's law from planck's law. Fermi-Dirac statistics Applications to liquid helium, free electrons gas (Fermi level and Fermi Energy), Comparison of M-B, B-E, F-D statistics.
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Unit-III
Entropy and Laws of Thermodynamics: Application of thermodynamics to the thermoelectric effect, change of entropy along a reversible path in a p-v diagram, entropy of a perfect gas, equation of state of ideal gas from simple statistical considerations, heat death of the universe.
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Statistical Interpretation of entropy: Statistical definition of entropy, change of entropy of system, additive nature of entropy, law of increase of entropy. Reversible and irreversible processes, example of reversible and irreversible processes. Work done in a reversible process ,example of entropy in natural process, entropy and disorder.
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Unit-IV
Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations and Their Applications: Thermodynamic Potentials: Enthalpy, Gibbs, Helmholtz and Internal Energy functions, Derivation of Maxwell's thermodynamic relations.
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Applications of thermodynamics relations : Cooling produced by adiabatic stretching, adiabatic compression, adiabatic stretching of a wire, stretching of thin films, change of internal energy with volume. Clausius-Clapeyron Equation, Thermodynamical treatment of Joule Thomson effect for liquification of Helium. Production of very low temperatures by adiabatic demagnetization, TdS equations.
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